INFECTIOUS DISEASE
NEEDLESTICK
PromptNeedlestick risk for HIV transmission
ResponseInjury with contaminated blood - 0.23% (1:435)
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PromptImportant history in needlestick injury
ResponseSkin breached/visible bleeding
Needle contaminated with source blood
First aid? Washed with soap and water
Victim/exposed staff member AntiHbs>10?
Source risk/confirmed HCV or HIV positive
Needle contaminated with source blood
First aid? Washed with soap and water
Victim/exposed staff member AntiHbs>10?
Source risk/confirmed HCV or HIV positive
PromptRisks for higher rates of HIV seroconversion in needlestick
ResponseDeep penetrating injury
Needle - visible blood, hollow bore = higher risk
Needle was previously placed in vessel of source patient
Source patient with high viral load/late stage HIV/not on antiretrovirals
Needle - visible blood, hollow bore = higher risk
Needle was previously placed in vessel of source patient
Source patient with high viral load/late stage HIV/not on antiretrovirals
PromptNeedlestick management
ResponseFirst aid - wash with soap and water
Baseline bloods from source patient and injured (Victim, per se) - HIV viral load, HBV, HCV
Counselling regarding role of PEP/treatment
IIMS/Formal incident report
Baseline bloods from source patient and injured (Victim, per se) - HIV viral load, HBV, HCV
Counselling regarding role of PEP/treatment
- Source patient HIV + >> PEP within 2 hours.
- Source patient HBV+ >> Hep B immunoglobulin
- Source patient HCV+ >> no treatment.
IIMS/Formal incident report
PromptHollow needle stick transmission contaminated with Hep B, C, and HIV
ResponseHBV = 30-60%
HCV = 3%
HIV = 0.3%
HCV = 3%
HIV = 0.3%